AlmaLaurea Report 2024

The AlmaLaurea Report on the Profile of Graduates analysed the educational outcomes of around 300,000 graduates from 78 universities who completed their studies in 2023. Specifically, this includes 163,000 first-cycle (bachelor’s) graduates, 102,000 graduates from two-year master’s programmes, and 31,000 from single-cycle degree programmes. 
The AlmaLaurea Report on the Employment Conditions of Graduates analysed approximately 660,000 graduates from 78 universities, from first- and second-cycle degree programmes completed in 2022, 2020 and 2018, who were surveyed one, three and five years after graduation, respectively.

Graduates of the University of Insubria in 2023 involved in the 26th Report on the profile of graduates total 2,261. Of these, 1,595 are first-cycle (bachelor’s) graduates, 413 are graduates from two-year master’s programmes, and 253 are from single-cycle degree programmes.

The overall proportion of graduates with foreign citizenship stands at 3.6%: 3.3% among first-cycle (bachelor’s) graduates and 5.6% among graduates from two-year master’s programmes. 
6.8% of graduates come from outside the region; specifically, 6.3% among first-cycle graduates and 9.7% among those enrolled in two-year master’s programmes. 
Upper secondary school qualifications from a liceo (classical, scientific, language, etc.) are held by 56.4% of graduates: 50.8% among first-cycle graduates and 58.1% among graduates from two-year master’s programmes. Technical diplomas are held by 36.8% of graduates: 41.8% at first-cycle level and 35.1% among two-year master’s graduates. The remaining proportion of graduates hold a vocational or foreign upper secondary qualification.

The average age at graduation is 25.0 years for graduates overall, specifically 24.4 years for first-cycle (bachelor’s) graduates and 26.3 years for graduates from two-year master’s programmes. This figure is influenced by delayed enrolment in higher education, as not all upper secondary school graduates enrol immediately after obtaining their qualification. 
66.5% of graduates complete their studies within the prescribed time: in particular, 63.6% among first-cycle graduates and 81.4% among those from two-year master’s programmes. 
The average degree grade is 102.4 out of 110: 100.2 for first-cycle graduates and 107.9 for graduates from two-year master’s programmes.

55.6% of graduates completed internships recognised by their degree programme: 53.4% among first-cycle (bachelor’s) graduates and 58.2% among graduates from two-year master’s programmes (the latter figure rises to 75.1% when also considering those who undertook an internship only during their first-cycle studies). 
A period of study abroad recognised by the degree programme (primarily through Erasmus) was undertaken by 10.7% of graduates: 8.7% among first-cycle graduates and 16.9% among two-year master’s graduates (the latter proportion increases to 23.6% when also including those who completed such experiences only during their first-cycle studies). 
69.3% of graduates carried out paid employment during their university studies: 70.8% among first-cycle graduates and 71.5% among two-year master’s graduates.

To analyse satisfaction with the university experience just completed, the views expressed by graduates as a whole on several aspects were taken into consideration. 
89.9% of graduates are satisfied with their relationship with the academic staff, and 85.4% consider the workload to be appropriate for the duration of the programme. With regard to the facilities provided by the University, 75.7% of graduates who made use of them consider the teaching rooms to be adequate. More generally, 91.2% of graduates state that they are satisfied with the overall university experience. 
And how many would enrol again at the University? 67.7% of graduates would choose the same degree programme and the same University again, while 4.5% would re-enrol at the same University but in a different programme.

The survey on employment conditions covered a total of 3,134 graduates of the University of Insubria. The data focus on the analysis of the outcomes of first- and second-cycle graduates who completed their studies in 2022 and were surveyed one year after graduation, as well as those of second-cycle graduates who completed their studies in 2018 and were surveyed five years after graduation.

The survey involved 1,588 first-cycle (bachelor’s) graduates from 2022 who were contacted one year after graduation (in 2023). 
After obtaining their degree, 49.6% of first-cycle graduates decide to continue their education by enrolling in a second-cycle degree programme (the proportion enrolling in another first-cycle programme is marginal). 
After one year, 48.9% are still enrolled at university. For a more detailed analysis, the employment outcomes presented below therefore focus on first-cycle graduates who, after completing their degree, chose not to continue with further university studies and instead entered the labour market directly. 
By isolating first-cycle graduates of the University of Insubria who, after graduation, never enrolled in another degree programme (49.5%), it is possible to analyse their employment outcomes one year after graduation. 

One year after graduation, the employment rate (where those considered employed include all individuals engaged in paid work or training) stands at 83.8%, while the unemployment rate (calculated on the labour force, i.e. those already in or seeking entry into the labour market) is 5.1%. 
Among those in employment, 22.7% continued the job they had started before graduating, while 20.8% changed job; 56.5% began working only after obtaining their degree. 
39.8% of those in employment have a permanent employee contract, while 23.1% have a fixed-term employee contract. 8.2% are self-employed (as freelancers, own-account workers, entrepreneurs, etc.). Part-time work involves 13.4% of those in employment. Average net monthly earnings amount to €1,488. 

But how many are doing a job related to what they studied? The effectiveness of the degree was examined, combining the requirement of a degree for the job performed and the use, at work, of the skills acquired at university. 62.3% of those in employment consider their degree to be very effective or effective for the job they carry out. More specifically, 54.6% state that they make extensive use of the skills acquired at university in their work.

Second-cycle graduates from 2022 who were contacted one year after graduation number 579 (of whom 374 completed two-year master’s programmes and 205 single-cycle degree programmes), while those from 2018 contacted five years after graduation number 448 (of whom 209 completed two-year master’s programmes and 239 single-cycle degree programmes).

Among second-cycle graduates from 2022 surveyed one year after graduation, the employment rate (with those considered employed including individuals engaged in paid work or training) stands at 82.7% (81.1% among graduates from two-year master’s programmes and 85.6% among single-cycle graduates). The unemployment rate, calculated on the labour force, is 6.5% (8.8% among two-year master’s graduates and 2.2% among single-cycle graduates). 

10.3% continued the job they had started before graduation, while 19.3% changed job; 70.4% began working only after obtaining their degree. Among graduates from two-year master’s programmes, the corresponding figures are 14.5%, 22.9% and 62.6%; among single-cycle graduates they are 3.1%, 13.0% and 84.0%, respectively. 

23.2% of those in employment have a permanent employee contract, while 17.9% have a fixed-term employee contract. 11.2% are self-employed (as freelancers, own-account workers, entrepreneurs, etc.). Among two-year master’s graduates, the corresponding figures are 33.0%, 23.8% and 3.5%; among single-cycle graduates they are 6.1%, 7.6% and 24.4%. 
Part-time work involves 7.0% of those in employment (5.3% among two-year master’s graduates and 9.9% among single-cycle graduates). Average net monthly earnings amount to €1,650 (€1,561 for two-year master’s graduates and €1,801 for single-cycle graduates). 
75.4% of those in employment consider the degree obtained to be very effective or effective for the job they are doing (65.0% among two-year master’s graduates and 93.1% among single-cycle graduates); furthermore, 67.0% state that they make extensive use, in their work, of the skills acquired during their course of study (57.7% among two-year master’s graduates and 83.2% among single-cycle graduates).

The employment rate of second-cycle graduates from 2018, surveyed five years after graduation, stands at 91.7% (91.5% among graduates from two-year master’s programmes and 91.9% among single-cycle graduates). The unemployment rate is 3.1% (1.8% for two-year master’s graduates and 3.9% for single-cycle graduates). 
44.5% of those in employment hold a permanent contract, while 5.5% are employed on a fixed-term contract. 11.4% are self-employed. 
Among graduates from two-year master’s programmes, the corresponding figures are 70.1%, 8.4% and 8.4%, respectively; among single-cycle graduates they are 25.9%, 3.4% and 13.6%. 
Part-time work involves 3.1% of those in employment (1.9% among two-year master’s graduates and 4.1% among single-cycle graduates). Average net monthly earnings amount to €1,969 (€2,023 for two-year master’s graduates and €1,930 for single-cycle graduates). 80.5% of those in employment consider the degree obtained to be very effective or effective for the work they do (63.8% among two-year master’s graduates and 92.5% among single-cycle graduates); 75.2% state that they make extensive use of the skills acquired at university in their work (58.9% among two-year master’s graduates and 87.1% among single-cycle graduates). 
But where do they go on to work? 53.5% of graduates are employed in the private sector, while 44.1% work in the public sector; 2.4% are employed in the non-profit sector. The services sector absorbs 85.8% of graduates, while industry accounts for 13.4% of those in employment; there are no graduates working in the agricultural sector.